by reference

基本解释

The route is best seen by reference to the map.
参照地图能将这条路线看得十分清楚。
《新英汉大辞典》
You can also pass the object by reference in SOAP, as I will explain in a future installment of this column.
您也可以在 SOAP 下通过引用传递对象，我在本专栏的下一部分中将对此作解释。
By enabling pass by reference, the parameters of the method are not copied to the stack with every remote call, which can be expensive.
通过引用传递，方法的参数没有被复制到每个远程调用的堆栈中，而这个复制过程可能是代价高的。

This latest reference by Mr.Rudd, who is likely to face a general election later this years, has been dismissed as early electioneering by members of the Japanese government.
But how did Plato intend this dialogue to be understood? Note that Socrates never defends himself by reference to the doctrine of unlimited free speech.
但柏拉图到底想要这场辩证,如何被理解呢？请注意,苏格拉底的自辩从未援引,无限自由言论学说。
耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选
The problems that Frost's poetry poses for us as readers are not problems of reference. They can't be solved by footnotes.
他的诗歌给我们的困难,不是参考的问题，它们不能就用脚注解决。
耶鲁公开课 - 现代诗歌课程节选

It is a fund separately identified by reference to contributions by a donor or donors.
FORBES: Cutting Taxes While Doing Good